2013年4月22日 星期一

那是龜山島嗎? 不,是基隆嶼

文章日期:2013-04-22 20:54



聽說,有些初到海大的學生
看著校門外、海上的島,會說,那是龜山島吧!
近看還真有那麼點像,不過,除非是愚公移山,
不然,這可是台灣本土最近的島嶼,基隆嶼
只是,這麼多年來也未曾登島看過,
這回,因著世界地球日,因緣際會上島一睹廬山真面目

到基隆嶼要多久?
算算單趟時間,這麼說吧! 從門口小艇碼頭到登島的實際航程
比搭公車到基隆火車站還快~~只要十五分鐘,
不過,海巡檢查哨的時間也通常也會花上15min時間。



環島地質體驗
先是繞島一周,因為島的周圍有半圈是沒有步道可以親近,
陡峭的山壁,透露著地層變化的足跡,令人敬畏的大自然魔力
據說這是自二百萬年前成就的島嶼



港口巡禮
繞回港口上島,目前這裡有六位海巡人員駐守
港邊停著一艘補給水的船,因為島上沒有水電設備
所以需要自本島運水,儲備的雨水則做其他用途,

港邊的"風雨操場"聽說是島上唯一較大的庇蔭設備
不過不建議久留,因為可能會有落石來襲


走向海巡檢查站跟中山寺,只能遠觀,不能近拍


往海巡站以及遊客中心的路邊
看到一個紀念石碑,原來是日本士兵殉職紀念碑,
原來日據時代這裡有重軍駐守的


簡單,卻也隆重,會想到台灣山林裡許多古道,也藏著許多類似的紀念碑

初訪遊客中心
轉個彎看到遊客中心,牆上有些簡要的說明,此外空無一物
屋頂上有太陽能板,雖則已經不太運作
遊客中心外的視野甚佳,如果不介意有個發電站的話
天氣適合,不太熱的話,在此品咖啡應該是很愜意的享受



基隆市中正區基隆嶼八號,這可是有門牌的!


簡單的說明,其他沒有了

屋頂上有太陽能板,但也不運作許久了

戶外的平台,倒是上課賞景的最佳地點

停機坪的遐想
一旁的停機坪能遠眺海洋大學,因今年畢業典禮適逢六月八日海洋日
據說校長打算帶兩百名畢業代表到此舉行典禮,
想必是意義非凡,不過,要擠下這麼多人可得要好好安排
無怪乎活動人員拿著尺仔細丈量


島上豐富的植物相是另一個吸引人的特色
特別是當有植物學家同行的時候
大家焦點自然而然會聚集在鐵砲百合身上
不過,我還是喜歡有客家味的月桃


其他,就是今天新認識的朋友了。





登塔步道
步道,應該是此行最吸引人的景點之一
如果找人沿著階梯排字,從海上看應該也是不錯的VIEW!

走過許多步道,多在山林之間
難得有步道可以邊走邊聽海濤,(唯一想到的,只有南非開普敦的好望角!)
居高,看著鄰近的小基隆嶼,遙遠霧濛濛的海洋大學
以及近在咫尺的基隆嶼燈塔



距離海大只有二十分鐘航程的基隆嶼,的確是個值得開發生態旅遊的寶地!








小基隆嶼,緊臨基隆嶼,據說是磯釣熱門釣點,惜因為娛樂漁船間意見不合
導致基隆市政府全面關閉~~~~真是有點奇怪的邏輯啊
你們一直鬧就大家都不要玩了。生態保育,也好。

2013年4月21日 星期日

論文寫作 Check List

文章日期:2013-04-21 10:36
以下項目,建議在論文寫作過程中先好好檢查:
1.檔案名稱,建議用論文名稱_日期,以後要追蹤檔案比較容易。
2.開始寫作前先查學校或系所對於論文格式的要求,例如標題字大小、內文字體大小、間距等等。
3. 善用WORD格式,建立標題一、標題二、內文格式,有助於建立及更新目錄。
4. 說真的,內文字體不要超過14點,英文建議 12點,字體過大或者行距過大,會給人充篇幅且不專業的感覺。
5. 請一開始就用ENDNOTE,較有效率。
6.在句末的參考文獻引用,通常是句號在最後,也就是
     YES===> 文字 (作者, 2001)。
     NOT===> 文字。(作者, 2001)
7. 圖的標題在圖下方、置中;表的標題在表上,靠左。
8.利用WORD 參考資料==>插入標號的方式,建立圖表標頭以及圖表目次。
9.利用標題句(topic sectence)的概念架構每個段落,先有標題句,之後再引用相關的參考文獻加以佐證。
10.段跟段之間的轉折要有邏輯性,而非彼此完全獨立,要像講故事一樣,
      可以(1)從大(國際間的例子)到小(臺灣的例子),
              (2)從遠到近,先講早期的研究,再講近期的發展。
              (3) 先講通則,再講個案。
11.表格前後請空一行。

     To be continued .....

Good bye, our smart hamster

Good bye, our smart hamster

文章日期:2013-04-21 23:21

這是我家最長壽的小鼠
活潑,好動
三不五時,找到空隙就往外跑
所以常常要到沙發底下找牠~~~
還要小心被咬,比起小白鼠、大白鼠,可是聰明得多了!



2013年4月20日 星期六

Medicare Kickback Bust in Chicago Hinged on Wired Colleagues


文章日期:2013-04-20 10:38
周六早上是讀英文新聞的時間,標題只有九個英文字,研究半天,應該是
線民密報芝加哥醫師詐領醫療保險費~~~
kickback:  回扣
wired: 這個字查半天,應該是線民吧!
http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/782777
====================================
    據稱,Sacred Heart Hospital,一家擁有119床病房的醫院,有胸腔科醫生為手術後病人執行插管,並給予大量鎮靜劑,讓病人難以呼吸,難以拔管,藉以請領醫療保險費。如果病人住27天,可以賺16萬美金,
 這些醫院透過不同名目將費用轉給醫師,例如每個月二千美元的辦公室租用費或者醫學生指導費,但實際上並沒有所謂的辦公室或者醫學生。
  而且還有些疑點須要追查,例如有些救護車會捨近求遠,將病人直接載到此家醫院。
  因為實施過多不必要的插管、氣切,此醫院的氣切後死亡率是伊利諾州平均的三倍之高。
補充說明:
    一般病人手術後會先住進加護病房,確認能夠呼吸後才拔管、送一般病房,通常老年人因為健康狀況較差,會在加護病房待比較久,中間可以多補助兩天病房照護費。對此,臺灣健保局也有建議插管的年齡,於是,醫院為了追求最大利益,會將在該年齡之上的病人一律送加護病房。

心得: 1.天下烏鴉一般黑
           2. 一篇看似簡單的新聞報導,單字還真多啊!

完整原文
Two executives of a hospital in Chicago, Illinois, along with 3 physicians and a podiatrist were arrested by federal agents April 16 for allegedly conspiring to give and receive illegal kickbacks for referring Medicare and Medicaid patients in a case built with "wired" colleagues who had flipped for law enforcement.
The 6 individuals could face more charges as the FBI and the US Department of Health & Human Services (HHS) sift through records seized from the hospital in their investigation of other alleged fraud schemes. In one of them, outlined in a criminal complaint, a pulmonologist supposedly performed a high number of intubations and prolonged them through heavy sedation so that the patients could not breathe on their own, which set them up for tracheotomies.
Edward Novak, the president and chief executive officer of Sacred Heart Hospital, and one of the individuals arrested, was covertly recorded as saying that tracheotomies were the "biggest money maker" for the 119-bed institution, and that it could make $160,000 for the procedure if the patient stayed 27 days.
The other individuals arrested are Roy Payawal, the hospital's executive vice president; Venkateswara Kuchipudi, MD; Percy Conrad May, Jr, MD; Subir Maitra, MD; and Shanin Moshiri, DPM. Dr. May, Dr. Maitra, and Dr. Moshiri were released on bond while Novak, Payawal, and Dr. Kuchipudi remained in custody.
Three unnamed individuals, 2 hospital administrators, and a physician who had once directed emergency-department (ED) operations, agreed to record meetings and phone calls with the 6 others after they themselves were recorded discussing kickbacks for referrals, according to the complaint. They also provided investigators with insider details about Sacred Heart Hospital operations. They have not been charged with any crime, at least not yet.
The criminal complaint, filed in a Chicago federal court, states that Novak and Payawal disguised the kickbacks to physicians in a number of ways. Dr. May received $2000 a month in the form of rent payments for space in his office that the hospital never used. Dr. Maitra's monthly kickback of $2000 was framed as payments for teaching medical students at the hospital, which never happened, according to one of the flipped administrators.
Likewise, the hospital paid Dr. Moshiri $4000 — later cut down to $2000 — every month for fictitiously supervising podiatry students, according to the government.
The various ruses required paperwork, and the participating physicians sometimes had to be hounded to fill in the blanks, the complaint states.
"We've got to go through every (contract) to make sure that they are doing what they are supposed to be doing, and that we got a paper trail on this [expletive]," Novak was recorded as saying. "They're signing off on this and this and this. We don't want problems."
Dr. Kuchipudi was rewarded for prolific patient referrals in 2 ways, the complaint states. The hospital paid most of the salaries of a physician assistant and a registered nurse who worked almost exclusively for Dr. Kuchipudi. In addition, the hospital paid the salary of a physician who treated Dr. Kuchipudi's admitted patients even though the services were billed in Dr. Kuchipudi's name.
Mortality Rate for Tracheotomies Triple the State Average
The criminal complaint lays out other alleged frauds that federal authorities intend to explore further. Hospital administrators and physicians supposedly schemed to bill Medicare and Medicaid for unnecessary ED visits and hospital admissions. Many of the unnecessary hospitalizations involved nursing home patients who were classified as "direct admissions." Ambulances automatically whisked such patients to Sacred Heart Hospital from as far away as 30 miles, bypassing other hospitals along the way.
Novak was recorded as saying that his hospital had a significant "nursing home practice."
"They're coming back and forth," he said. "We have a deal with the ambulance company so they won't reroute the patient."
One of the heaviest admitters of nursing home patients was Dr. Kuchipudi, known in the hospital as "the king of nursing homes."
Dr. Maitra drew attention in the government complaint for telling a wired hospital administrator that he once made Novak "so much money" by performing penile implants almost on a daily basis. However, Dr. Maitra said that he was performing them less often because Medicare had reduced its Part A and Part B reimbursement for the procedure.
Perhaps the most egregious allegation is that administrators and physicians defrauded Medicare and Medicaid by having some patients undergo needless intubations and, later on, tracheotomies. According to the criminal complaint, one unnamed pulmonologist was notorious for unnecessarily prolonging the time that patients spent on ventilators by heavily sedating them so that they could not breathe on their own. This was contrary to the practice of reducing sedation and weaning patients off the machines. These patients eventually failed tests showing that they could breathe independently and were deemed ventilator dependent and therefore candidates for tracheotomies performed by a Sacred Heart surgeon.
The 14-day mortality rate for Medicare patients undergoing tracheotomies performed by the Sacred Heart surgeon was roughly triple the rate for all other Illinois surgeons over a 3-year period, according to the criminal complaint.
Dr. Maitra's attorney, Thomas Durkin, told Medscape Medical News that his client denies the charges and "looks forward to contesting them in court." Likewise, Roy Payawal's attorney, Robert Clarke, said Payawal will "plead not guilty and contest all the charges against him."
Attorneys for the remaining defendants did not respond to a request for comment as of press time.

2013年4月14日 星期日

漁業協議 奠定台日中永續次序


文章日期:2013-04-14 22:05

漁業協議 奠定台日中永續次序

中央社 – 2013年4月14日 下午3:34
(中央社記者楊淑閔台北14日電)歷時17年才簽署的台日漁業協議,讓台灣漁船終能在釣魚台附近海域安心捕魚;農委會漁業署長沙志一說,談判成功關鍵是先易後難,並可為台、日、中未來建立永續漁業作業次序。
台日漁業協議4月10日簽署,台灣漁船終於得以安心在釣魚台附近捕漁,其中4530平方公里是新增作業水域。
沙志一接受中央社專訪,首度透露台日漁業協議何以能於簽署前1個月內完成突破性進展的原因。
談到源起,沙志一說,台灣漁船百年來都在釣魚台周邊海域作業,過去日據時代或是琉球為美軍托管年代,台灣漁船的作業從不曾是問題;但日本於1996年批准聯合國海洋法公約,同年7月20日宣布實施200浬專屬經濟海域,台日雙方開始會談重疊水域問題。
漁業署統計,僅2006年到今年4月10日,台灣漁船遭日方公務船干擾計252艘次。
沙志一分析這次協議得以在最近一個月3次會談,3月6、19日及4月2日有所突破,致勝關鍵就是先易後難的務實、互諒談判策略奏效。
他說,真正關鍵是3月6日以後,日方第一次派了水產廳部長級官員與他會談,「我聽完他的分析以後,就跟(總統)府方做完整報告,建議方案就是先易後難,先把重要的(八重山)北方作業水域拿下來。」
他並說,「經過長官的允許,我們3月12第二次預備會議提出方案,先暫緩北緯27度以北、八重山以南的水域處理,等於免除了琉球80%漁民的水域作業顧慮,讓日本政府的壓力減少了;所以我們要到釣魚台周遭水域,甚至超過暫定執法線的水域。」
3月19日會議中,他說,日本外務省局長級官員出面,但仍是小方案提議;沙志一適度表達務實的談判態度,但講了重話,強調「我們已充分考量日本的難處及尊重琉球居民的權益,如果還是要技術性的談,那對不起,我們不要談了。」
談判期間,沙志一曾當場翻幾次臉,也一度離席表示要暫停會議,隨後也正式行文給國安會跟外交部說「不談了」;但也因此有了轉折,日本外務省了解台灣非常有誠意要排除難處、積極務實談判。
4月2日再談時,日本外務省主談官員體認「大家有共識要趕快談成」,就這麼順利依著一週前的設定,4月10日完成簽約、公布,期間雙方作業都很辛苦,但終不負期望。
他重申,一切歸功於雙方高層都希望在漁季前減少作業糾紛的意志堅定,也體會到國際的氛圍,包含這次協議擱置互不抵觸彼此主權、領海主張的問題。
沙志一表示,若發生海巡署來不及護漁,中方介入時會引發台日政府不願意見到的窘迫情況,中方可宣傳保護台灣漁船;因此雙方都很務實想先建立台日漁業作業次序。
他補充,日方或台灣還要再與中國大陸協議漁船作業次序,而中方沿海僅官方掌握的船數達30幾萬艘,沒登錄的更多,作業又比較霸氣,台日先協議出永續資源的作業次序,也將有利於後續台日各自與中方的協議次序建立,讓台日中共同永續海洋資源。

2013年4月9日 星期二

有價值的參考文獻

有價值的參考文獻

文章日期:2013-04-09 11:05
第一次寫PAPER的時候,有前輩告訴我,參考文獻引用也很重要,
Editor, reviewer會看,你是否有引用此領域的重要參考文獻,好知道你功課做的夠不夠
後來發現的確如此,有些善良的reviewer會提供你沒注意到,但是重要的或者是最新發表的文章
[雖然你也會想,這是不是reviewer自己的文章呢? 無妨,總歸都很有參考價值]
之後,再看到學生用其他碩士論文當參考文獻的時候
就會三聲五令的要求他們去找原始參考文獻,不要偷懶直接用前面學生翻譯的中文 copy and paste,
特別是很多時候,這些碩士論文翻得也不盡然正確,或者有時詞不達意,讓人看得很痛苦~~~
只是有時候學生一時之間也不知道哪些是重要參考文獻,所以,在這裡留下一些給學生參考,就不用年年講了。
有關海洋環境

有關海洋資源
Worm, B., Barbier, E. B., Beaumont, N., Duffy, J. E., Folke, C., Halpern, B. S., C.Jackson, J. B., Lotze, H. K., Micheli, F., Palumbi, S. R., Sala, E., Selkoe, K. A., Stachowicz, J. J., & Watson, R. 2006. Impacts of Biodiversity Loss on Ocean Ecosystem Services. Science, 314: 787-790.
  
以上這篇就是宣稱 2048無魚可吃的文章,被引用超過一千五百篇,但並非全無爭議,所以,作者後來在2009年補充說明,建議這兩篇應該一起看,避免對現況太過悲觀或者極端。
Worm, B., Hilborn, R., Baum, J.K., Branch, T.A., Collie, J.S., Costello, C., Fogarty, M.J., Fulton, E.A., Jeffrey A. Hutchings, Jennings, S., Jensen, O.P., Lotze, H.K., Mace, P.M., McClanahan, T.R., Minto, C., Palumbi, S.R., Parma, A.M., Ricard, D., Rosenberg, A.A., Watson, R., Zeller, D., 2009. Rebuilding Global Fisheries. Science 325, 578-585.

TBC…..

2013年4月8日 星期一

歐盟禁止漁船拋棄漁獲,跟鳥也有關係?


文章日期:2013-04-08 12:35
都說漁民會因會漁獲配額制度而丟棄不少漁獲--
經濟價值低的,小的,
臺灣船可能會把部分運回來當下雜魚、作魚丸
很多歐洲船就直接在海上拋棄,數量驚人
於是歐盟要禁止漁船丟棄漁獲,以保育海洋資源
不過,海鳥專家說話了,
他們在鰹鳥身上裝攝影機,蒐集二萬多張照片,
發現有42%的鳥會習慣追著漁船搶魚吃,雄鳥的81%又比雌鳥的30%來的高
所以,如果不准漁船丟棄,那首要受到衝擊的便是海鳥,這下子糧食來源變少了。
只是,總不能說為了保育海鳥就讓漁船浪費漁業資源
所以,海鳥專家們轉說,這樣子海鳥就必須回到原始的棲地與生活模式
過他們原來該過的生活了~
Citation: Votier SC, Bicknell A, Cox SL, Scales KL, Patrick SC (2013) A Bird’s Eye View of Discard Reforms: Bird-Borne Cameras Reveal Seabird/Fishery Interactions. PLoS ONE 8(3): e57376. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0057376
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0057376
新聞版
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/03/130314111640.htm?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+sciencedaily+%28ScienceDaily%3A+Latest+Science+News%29